Initially widespread, sharp persecution soon confined the members to a secret movement concentrated in the Alps in the border region of France/Italy/Switzerland.
The movement continued to survive and persisted despite frequent persecutions and attacks, eventually allying itself to the early Calvinists of Geneva in the 16th century. That did not save it from the one of the greatest tragedies to befall it, the massacre of the Piedmont Easter of 1655 as commemorated by John Milton's poem that condemns the forces of the tripled-crowned Pope whose historic church corruption was frequently compared to Babylon.
Avenge, O Lord, thy slaughtered saints, whose bones
Lie scattered on the Alpine mountains cold,
Even them who kept thy truth so pure of old,
When all our fathers worshiped stocks and stones;
Forget not: in thy book record their groans
Who were thy sheep and in their ancient fold
Slain by the bloody Piedmontese that rolled
Mother with infant down the rocks. Their moans
The vales redoubled to the hills, and they
To Heaven. Their martyred blood and ashes sow
O'er all th' Italian fields where still doth sway
The triple tyrant; that from these may grow
A hundredfold, who having learnt thy way
Early may fly the Babylonian woe.
So, what knowledge has Milton imparted for us? What parallels, what rhymes as Twain would say, do we derive? The religious divide of the two camps for this massacre, Catholic and Protestant (and later, perhaps even worse, Protestant against Protestant), at that point over 150 years into the Reformation, were even still a lethal driving force considering that what was at stake was nothing less than the salvation or damnation of one's soul unto eternity, the idea that God Himself would turn His countenance upon us or turn forever away.
Yet while paramount to some, there were many then as now to whom that rationale is only a thin veneer for more base, mercenary considerations. (What? Do you believe that the simmering struggle between the two factions on the island of Ireland is strictly a religious battle between Catholics and Protestants?)
Move along. We're not likely to see an answer from this quarter.
The Jihadis will find it much harder to get that stuff on around here without getting shot themselves, probably at long range. As for Wormtongue, I hope he stays on the golf course for the next 2.5 years with his cronies telling lies. We're all much better off that way.
ReplyDeleteGoyang Casino and Hotel - Hong Kong FC
ReplyDeleteGoyang Casino and Hotel. 4 star rating. 5 out of 5 1xbet우회주소 at 오늘 뭐 먹지 룰렛 Goyang. Located in Hong Kong, this is the 라이브채팅 most exciting 바카라사이트쿠폰 and ideal 탱글 다희 성인 방송 casino.